• AMPK is a cellular energy sensor that

  2024-03-14

  

  AMPK is a cellular energy sensor that is phosphorylated in response to high intracellular ADP levels to increase GLUT4 translocation into the cell, and subsequently, increase intracellular glucose levels to provide substrate to replenish ATP levels [25]. In metabolic syndrome, sequestration of plasm

• br Preliminary remarks Expression of the

  2024-03-14

  

  Preliminary remarks Expression of the transcription factor aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR) and the AHR-repressor (AHRR) are both strikingly high in the estrone of barrier organs skin and gut [1,2]. It is generally assumed that this reflects their role in linking environmental factors to an adapt

• Preclinical models indicate roles for adiponectin in the mai

  2024-03-14

  

  Preclinical models indicate roles for adiponectin in the maintenance of hepatic lipid metabolism. Adiponectin overexpression prevents accumulation of triglycerides or the deleterious lipid metabolites diacylglycerols or ceramides [5,8]. Direct manipulation of adiponectin expression demonstrates a po

• br Acknowledgments This work was supported by the

  2024-03-14

  

  Acknowledgments This work was supported by the R&D Program of the Institutional Research Program of KRICT (SI1701-02), and by the Next generation carbon upcycling project of Ministry of Science and ICT. JSC is kindly grateful to the National Research Council of Science and Technology (NST) for fi

• Altogether the situations described above clearly impede

  2024-03-14

  

  Altogether, the situations described above clearly impede the critical steps of drug discovery and development and the scientific process in general [14]. In conclusion, it is the opinion of these authors that many exciting lines of drug discovery (which includes those devoted to nAChR ligands) have

• The subdivision of HT receptors started in the s by

  2024-03-14

  

  The subdivision of 5-HT receptors started in the 1950s by Gaddum and colleagues, when they realised that in the guinea pig ileum, the effects of 5-HT could be blocked in part by morphine (M), and in part by dibenzyline (D). Gaddum and Picarelli proposed two receptor classes, 5-HT M and 5-HT D (1957)

• The exact etiology of BPH is not

  2024-03-14

  

  The exact etiology of BPH is not completely understood, however this pathology has been associated with elevated SMER 3 levels of the androgen DHT (10). Thus, a valuable strategy in BHP treatment is the reduction of DHT (10) levels, by inhibiting its biosynthetic production [6], [8]. An important p

• Recent progress has been made

  2024-03-13

  

  Recent progress has been made in translating animal findings on memory performance and amnestic effects – that are largely determined by tonically active receptors in which α5 contributes to the benzodiazepine binding site. Based on the observation that deletion of this subunit led to improved spati

• br Conclusion br Conflicts of interest br Acknowledgements T

  2024-03-13

  

  Conclusion Conflicts of interest Acknowledgements The authors are grateful to the Ministry of Food Processing Industries, Govt of India (V45/MFPI/R&D/2000 Vol.IV) and Department of Biotechnology, New Delhi, Govt. of India (BT/475/NE/TBP/20132), American Bamboo Society and Ned Jaquith Founda

• Additional support for a role of

  2024-03-13

  

  Additional support for a role of HMGN1 in enhancing DNA repair comes from studies of transcription-coupled repair (TCR) in human cells. Lesions in the template strand of DNA induced by UV light stall the movement of RNA polymerase II (RNAPII) and interrupt transcription. Removal of these transcripti

• Finally intracrine androgen synthesis metabolism can be acti

  2024-03-13

  

  Finally, intracrine androgen synthesis/metabolism can be activated thus allowing Adenosine to bypass the low levels of androgens in the circulation by producing androgens themselves (Cai and Balk, 2011, Rahman et al., 2004). Moreover, changes in AR co-regulators like the overexpression of steroid r

• In another study Yerra and Kumar used streptozotocin to indu

  2024-03-13

  

  In another study, Yerra and Kumar (2016) used streptozotocin to induce diabetic neuropathy in rats. Mechanical/thermal hyperalgesia, motor/sensory nerve conduction velocities (MNCV and SNCV) and sciatic nerve blood flow (NBF) were evaluated. In vitro studies of Neuro2a (N2A) cell culture were perfor

• At the last follow up nine

  2024-03-13

  

  At the last follow-up, nine patients had discontinued pyridostigmine within the first year postoperatively. Only one patient required pyridostigmine at a higher dose, but this was accompanied by successful weaning of prednisolone. None of the 5 patients who were on pyridostigmine treatment alone pri

• It has been reported that leukotrienes and their receptors

  2024-03-12

  

  It has been reported that leukotrienes and their receptors, e.g. the cysteinyl leukotriene receptor 1 (CysLT1) may promote 5-ht receptors injury (Ding et al., 2007) and that increased 5-LOX expression and activity lead to production of brain-toxic molecules (Khan et al., 2010). However, differentia

• Our co IP data show that HT A or

  2024-03-12

  

  Our co-IP data show that 5HT1A or 5HT2A receptors do not heterodimerize with mGluR1α receptors. Given that both 5-HT and mGlu receptors are GPCRs and produce anxiolytic effects, a degree of cooperativity via a functional cross-talk may still exist between these receptors [11]. In addition to the fu

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